Advanced Placement Courses

Advanced Placement Courses June 24, 2012 If youre a high school senior, continue with Advanced Placement courses in all five major subjects. Dropping foreign language is not an option if you seek to gain admission to a highly selective college (photo credit: Douglas A. Melchior)! Were always amazed when parents tell us that their rising seniors are taking 2 or 3 Advanced Placements courses because they need to have the time to write college essays or study for fall SATs or ACTs. Did you know that rising seniors who apply to highly selective colleges are typically taking 6 Advanced Placement courses? Did you know that colleges want to see applicants continue in all 5 core subjects through senior year? That means not dropping foreign language in senior year. Read that again. Its not okay to stop your Spanish or French studies (or whatever language it is youve studied throughout high school) just because youre a senior. How does not continuing your foreign language studies demonstrate your intellectual curiosity? Just think about it for a second. Dont even consider dropping a core subject like a foreign language. This also means that its not okay to take AP Statistics in lieu of AP Calculus. It means not taking AP Psychology instead of AP Biology, AP Chemistry, or AP Physics. Is there harm in taking AP Psychology? No, absolutely not! Learn about classical conditioning, groupthink, and cognitive dissonance just not in lieu of learning about the cardiovascular system, ionic bonds, or momentum equaling mass times velocity. If youre still considering dropping science your senior year, read these three words following the colon over and over again: Dont do it. It never ceases to amaze us how many times students want to get into an Ivy League or other highly selective college, but they manage to find all of the excuses in the book to avoid doing the necessary work to get there. So if youre serious about getting into a Harvard, Dartmouth, Yale, or Princeton, dont slack off. Take the most rigorous curriculum possible during your senior year and do exceptionally well in your classes! Continue in the core five high school disciplines and do so with passion and a love of learning! While youre here, check out this post on AP Courses and Ivy League Admission.

Salem Possessed By Paul Boyer And Stephen Nissenbaum

The Salem Witch trials were more than just accusations and women being sentenced to death. Politics, social status, and way of living back then all played essential roles in the trials which are discussed throughout the book â€Å"Salem Possessed† by Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum. The authors touch upon how social status of church members, farmers and community folk impacted who was accused of witchcraft and who was sentenced to death. While times have changed and the laws regarding imprisonment are very different, it is essential to remember that while the techniques and methods used during the witch trials were common back then and just their way of life. Salem Village was facing a wide variety of governmental and economical problems,†¦show more content†¦The authors discredit the claim that the witch trials were merely an excuse to eliminate the poor. In fact, the witch accusations, while they did begin with less wealthy members of the community, made their way to the top of the social ladder effecting members of the church and government. The majority of accusations were of women and girls, but once a female member of a family was accused it was common for other members of that family to be accused too regardless of their sex. Looking at the patters of the accusations, it becomes clear to the reader that all social classes were involved. From the early stages of accusations, the â€Å"fist three women accused could be seen as â€Å"deviants† or â€Å"outcasts† in their community† (31) which later spread to ministers, people of all ages, and both genders. Ministers however took a different approach to the accusations. Instead of being afraid of being put on trial, they viewed their accusation as a sign from God to help heal others. â€Å"By encouraging and even exploiting the usual behavior of the young people in their communities, both ministers had managed to turn a potentially damaging situation to their own benef it† (29). Although exploiting many people. the ministers were the only group who tried to see a light in the witch trials situation. Many members of the community lived in fear of beingShow MoreRelatedAmerican History to 18871148 Words   |  5 PagesPaul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaums Salem Possessed explores the pre-existing social and economic divisions within the Salem Village community, as an entry point to understand the accusations of witchcraft in 1692. According to Boyer and Nissenbaum, the village split into two factions: one interested in gaining more autonomy for Salem Village and led by the Putnam family, and the other, interested in the mercantile and political life of Salem Town and led by the Porter family. Boyer and NissenbaumsRead More Salem Witchcraft Essay2617 Words   |  11 PagesSalem Witchcraft Witchcraft accusations and trials in 1692 rocked the colony of Salem Massachusetts. There are some different views that are offered concerning why neighbors decided to condemn the people around them as witches and why they did what they did to one another. Carol Karlsen in her book The Devil in the Shape of a Woman and Bernard Rosenthal in Salem Story give several factors, ranging from woman hunting to shear malice, that help explain why the Salem trials took place andRead More Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft Essay465 Words   |  2 Pages Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft, Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press copyright 1974. The purpose of this book was to examine the history and social life of Salem Village to try to figure out what was the cause of the events that occurred there. I believe that the authors achieved their objective at least they did to me. Boyer and Nissenbaums explanation for the outbreak of witchcraft accusations in Salem hinges on an understanding of theRead More Comparing Salem Possessed by Paul Boyer, The Story of the Salem Witch Trials by Bryan Le Beau, and Devil in the Shape of a Woman by Carol Karlsen1819 Words   |  8 PagesComparing Salem Possessed by Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum, The Story of the Salem Witch Trials by Bryan Le Beau, and The Devil in the Shape of a Woman by Carol Karlsen The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 spread just about as fast as the Black Plague. This epidemic caused chaos among neighbors in a community. The chronology of events describes an awful time for colonists from June 10th to September 22nd of that year. The books Salem Possessed by Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum, The StoryRead MoreThe Trials Of The Salem Witch Trials1455 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the majority of humans are skeptical, if not reluctant to understand or accept that which unknown or different from what they previously considered being true, right, or normal. Such was the case in 1692 when over a hundred people from the Salem Town, Salem Village, and surrounding areas of Massachusetts were accused of witchcraft, leading to numerous arrests and even executions. The events that transpired in the small New England colony have intrigued, seduced, and baffled historians since theirRead MoreEssay about Witchcraft in Salem1406 Words   |  6 PagesWitchcraft in Salem In the past, the word Salem has always been somewhat synonymous with the infamous witch trials. Thanks to works such as Arthur Miller’s â€Å"The Crucible†, many people find it hard not to envision a community torn apart by chaos, even though Miller’s play was not so much about the witch trials but instead a commentary on the rampant McCarthyism going on at the time he wrote it. Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum, however, see a very different picture when the Salem witch trialsRead MoreSalem Witch Trials And The Witch Trial Essay2225 Words   |  9 Pages1692 to 1693, twenty people were executed after being accused of witchcraft in Salem Village, Massachusetts, many more died in jail, and around 200 people total were accused of witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials. Records from the event indicate that the Salem Witch Trials started when a group of young girls began acting strange, claiming they had been possessed by the Devil and bewitched by local villag ers. The Salem Witch Trials is a much debated event; historians argue over the motivation andRead MoreThe Crucible Narrative2336 Words   |  10 Pages | | |4/3/2012 | In 1692, in Salem Massachusetts a small group of girls joined together to go in the woods at night to meet a slave woman name Tituba. Tituba is a slave of Reverend Parris. During their meeting all the girls are dancing amongst a fire pit that will be used for collectingRead MoreCarlo Ginzburgs Salem Possessed : The Social Origins Of Witchcraft?2004 Words   |  9 Pagesdetail on the many trials associated with the benandanti during this time. In Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum’s work, Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft, the two authors give an in-depth look into the witch trials that plagued Salem Massachusetts in 1962. The authors analyze the people of the town and the deep-rooted disagreements that these people shared. Boyer and Nissenbaum try to discover why Salem had so many witch craft accusations as well as why it happened when it did. InRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials : A Day By Day Chronicle Of A Community Under Siege Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesT he book I have chosen to write about is â€Å"The Salem Witch Trials: A Day by Day Chronicle of a Community Under Siege† written by Marilynne K. Roach and published in 2002. Marilynne K. Roach is the president of the Historical Society of Watertown and a member of the Watertown Historical Commission board, she also is an active board member and a curator of the Salem Witch Museum. She has multiple books that have been published about the Salem and the trials that occurred in the late 17th and early 18th

Organizational Behavior Corporate Culture - 1048 Words

Corporate Culture The study of Organizational Behavior has included an in-depth look at corporate culture to gain an understanding of the diverse variables, namely people. OB, as defined in the text, is the study of individuals and groups in organizations (Schermerhorn, Hunt Osborn, 2005, p. 3). This field of study is considered interdisciplinary because its focus extends to several disciplines: sociology, psychology, anthropology, economics, and political science. Individual performance, organizational culture, motivation, hierarchy, change, and diversity are just a few elements that affect organizational success. Managing people within organizations is central to success. In examining corporate culture, many experts attribute its make-up to various factors. An organization provides the framework in which people can perform and achieve their goals. This framework is provided by the strategies, rules, and norms that an organization adopts. Sometimes these things are written and published by management. Other times an organization is driven by the informal norms and behaviors that are adopted by its employees. Whether they are constructed formally or informally, these parameters define how people behave in organizations. More precisely, they determine how happy and productive workers are in their jobs. Ultimately, employee satisfaction is determined by managements ability to convey the direction of the organization and to fulfill the needs of its employees. WhenShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Behavior ( Ob ) Studies The Influence That Individuals, Groups, And Organizational Structure1486 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational behavior (OB) studies the influence that individuals, groups, and organizational structure have on behavior within org anizations. More succinctly, it is the study of how people interact in organizations. This paper will briefly review the following five topics that are included in the organizational behavior study process: 1. Managerial Functions 2. Corporate Culture 3. Organizational Culture 4. Strategic Planning 5. Tactical Planning â€Æ' Managerial Functions Management is theRead MoreBenefits Of Ethical Leadership : A Positive Corporate Reputation, Ethically Empowered Employees, Increased Quality, And Higher1734 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The purpose of this paper is to discuss four benefits of ethical leadership; having a positive corporate reputation, ethically empowered employees, increased quality, and higher customer satisfaction. Ethical leadership will benefit an organization, because it creates a healthy ethical environment, and culture which produces a positive corporate reputation. This will foster employees that; appreciate that ethics is important, recognizes and discusses ethical concerns, works to resolve ethicsRead MoreOrganizational Culture Essay731 Words   |  3 Pages Edgar Schein, a famous theorists dealing with organizational culture, provides the following definition for the term: A pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems that has worked well enough to be considered valid and is passed on to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems. (organizationalculture101) However, organizational culture is mor e than sharing assumptions used by a group to solve problems;Read MoreConsiderations for 21st Century Management and Organizational Cultures777 Words   |  3 PagesConsiderations for 21st Century Management Organizational Cultures The four management themes are intriguing and challenging to current and future managers. People, especially those in leadership positions should always be looking for way to improve. One such method as suggested by the readings includes looking to other countries for new strategies, particularly those countries that are stable and relatively progressive. Such examples would include Switzerland, Sweden, and Japan. No matter whatRead MoreThe Importance Of Culture Within A Company Across Time Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Corporate culture is the pattern of shared and stable beliefs and values that are developed within a company across time (Gordon and Ditomaso, 1992). This definition brings the time factor into the picture. In other words the corporate culture will become more ingrained and reinforced the longer an organization is in existence. Medical One, founded in 1992 had a distinct and powerful corporate culture of its own that its employees believed had brought about a high level of care to itsRead MoreHofstedes Dimensions Of The Organizational Culture702 Words   |  3 PagesOrganisational culture Organizational culture has been identified as a mediating variable in this study. There are many terms used by different researchers to denote organizational culture. Similarly, there are many definitions of organizational culture. Organizational culture has been characterized by many authors as something to do with people and the unique quality and style of the organization (Kilman et al; 1985), and the way things are done in the organizations (Deal Kennedy, 1982). SometimesRead MoreRole Of Hrm Over The Period Of Time1495 Words   |  6 PagesThe report is an amalgamation of three patches of which, first, is a journal review of two human resources related articles: â€Å"Extending the Scope of Organisational Culture: the External Perception or an Internal Phenomenon† (MacIntosh and Doherty, 2007) and â€Å"Organisational Culture: An exploratory study comparing faculties’ perspectives within public and private universities in Malaysia† (Ramachandran, Ching and Ismail, 2010). This journal review is concluded by a reflection wherein the scholar expressesRead MoreOrganizational Culture: Analysis of the Views of Schein and Kouzes and Mico783 Words   |  3 PagesBackground Organizational Culture Organizational culture is a way to describe the collective behavior within an organization, the values, norms, language, symbols, status, and beliefs and habits. We can also view organizational behavior as the collection of behaviors within an organization that cause those members to perceive their organization and others. In fact, organizational culture affects the way individuals and groups interact with each other, clients, stakeholders and the public BecauseRead MoreThe Role and Responsibility of Company Leadership in Shaping Organizational Culture1712 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to (Organic Workspaces, n. d) an organization’s culture refers to the observable, powerful forces in any organization, usually constituted by the employeesâ⠂¬â„¢ shared values, beliefs, symbols, and behaviors. The organizational culture ideally influences its decisions and actions (Tharp, n. d). (Watkins, 2013) also defines organizational culture as a consistent and observable pattern of behavior in organizations. An organization’s culture channelizes individual decisions and actions at a subconsciousRead MoreTransformation Is Run By Ceo Carole Anne Hilton1551 Words   |  7 Pagesneed for youth to see themselves positively in the future in order that they might have a strong influence in the community and a central goal for the community to make the next generation more successful. The operation of the business differs from corporate businesses because the main focus of the company is sustainability. Their company goal is not solely based on maximization of profits but it is to engage and ready the community in which their business is conducted and use that to accomplish their

Major Liquidiation Analysis for HIH Insurance and ABC Learning

Question: Discuss about theMajor Liquidiation Analysis for HIH Insurance and ABC Learning. Answer: Introduction The companies are required to operate in the best manner by effectively utilizing the assets of the company and by efficiently operating the functions of the company. The basic premise of the running the company is to earn profits on the one hand and cater to the needs of the various stakeholders including the shareholders of the company on the other hand. The company may work for two or three years more and can revive itself when first premise is not met but it cannot function properly when the second premise is not met in any manner. There has been the cases in which the second premise has not been fulfilled and thus leading the companies to go into the liquidation of the companies. These are HIH Insurance, ABC Learning and the One Tel Phone Company. Each of the company has its own listings of irregularities on the basis of which the companies have faced the worst liquidation. Along with the two basic premises, the companies shall have the effective corporate governance in place so as to ensure that in case any rectification action is required then the companys management will take that into consideration and will also take the steps to reduce any kind of risks if any come into the notice of the management of the company. The report has then ended up with the conclusion and the recommendation. Reasons For Liquidation HIH Insurance Four events have been identified which has led to the liquidation of the companies. The company has entered into the area which is connected with the high degree of risk. At first the event is associated with the acquisition of the big insurance company of that time which is Fire and All Risk Insurance (FARI). The company has incurred the huge liabilities because of this acquisition in spite of the fact that then partner Winterthur has resigned only because he has projected the downfall of the company with this acquisition. Then secondly the company has stepped its shoes into the business of financing the films which again has made the company to suffer the losses of approximately 100 million dollar. The both events are the beginning of the liquidation. (OBrien,2008). The third event is the entrance into the major risky areas which has distorted the whole picture of the financial status of the company and in actual the company has suffered a major loss. The area is the insurance against any natural disasters and after that the typhoon at Florida has occurred. The last event that the company has faced is the amendment in the regulations of the government. The company has been forced to pay the higher compensation claims to the workers at California. Next event is that gradually the company has entered into the insurance from the damage caused by natural disasters and the company has suffered the major loss from the Typhoon of Florida. (Mak, Deo and Cooper, 2005 and Mirshekary, Yaftian, and Cross, 2005). One Tel Company The major event that has led the company into liquidation is the company has not adopted the matching concept as per the accounting principles. The company shall match its revenue and expense and account for in the same period. But in the given case the company is reporting the revenue for the concerned period but has been booking the expenses in the near future years. Due to this the financial health of the company in actual has been distorted and in future has been forced to report the losses in big figures. The second event is that the company is in the move of paying the higher remuneration irrespective of the fact that the company has been incurring losses. The third event is that the company in order to become bigger and known in the market has been selling the services on the credit of six months due to which the income has been blocked whereas the company is required to pay its suppliers immediately (Reza, 2011). The next and the last cause is the unqualified audit report issued by the auditors of the company. ABC Learning In this case, the major cause for the liquidation of the company is the financial irregularities. The financial irregularity is the accounting practice that the company has followed for the licenses and the intangible assets. The company has been in the urge of revaluing the intangibles assets of the company due to which out of the total assets of the company 70% of the assets counts for the intangibles that has been created with the revaluation. The company has been making the wrong forecasts of future incomes and rather in actual the company has declared the decrease in the profits to forty three percent approximately. The other event is the low quality of service being provided to the children kept at their learning centre and the same have been notified by the New South Wales Child Care. Presence Of Ethical Climate HIH Insurance The ethical atmosphere shall be present in almost all the companies. In the given case two defaults have been noticed and observed in ethics. These are related to the business and statutory compliance (Cheng and Seeger, 2012). The former entails with the entrance of the companies in the major business risky areas which has led to the huge losses ran over the span of two years. The latter entails the event when the company has entered into the acquisition of the Fire and All Risk Insurance Company and that too without the prior approval of the board of directors and without conducting the technical and feasibility of the companys functions. (Lipton, 2013; UK Essays, 2013). One Tel Company One of the major ethical issues is the wrong practice of accounting rule and procedures in the sense that the company is not following the matching concept of the accounting principles. The company has followed the method where the higher revenue is reported in the current years and lesser in the future years (Brown and Caylor, 2009). Secondly the company has not been preparing the sale bills in accordance with the Goods and service tax act 2000 and has been remained unprepared for so many weeks and months. Thirdly the auditor has not mentioned any note or clarification in its auditors report (Avison, 2012). ABC Learning One of the basic ethical issues is that the company has revalued the intangibles to the higher values by wrongly estimating the future cash flows of the company. Due to revaluation the major portion in the total assets is the intangible assets. The other issue is that the company has not been made able to deliver the high quality services to children at their centre and rather has kept focus on the business expansion only. The best case noticed is that in the year of two thousand and five, one child have gone out of the centre at its own and none of the security guard has done something. Presence Of Corporate Governance Low corporate governance practices have been observed in the cases of all three companies and have been regarded as one of the major cause of the liquidation of the companies. HIH Insurance The chief executive officer of the company has played the dominant role by keeping the board of directors of the company filled with the relatives and the friends of the company. By having the board of its own in actual terms, he has engaged the company in transferring of funds to the company in which he has stake. Second instance is of the major acquisition of the company made without the prior approval of the board of directors (Jiangbo, 2003). One Tel Company The company has adopted the bad pricing strategy in relation to the products of the company and also has adopted the wrong accounting method. The strategy details that the goods are sold on credit for seven months. Wrong accounting method has made the company as highly liquid and profitable in current year and lower in future years (Morey, Gottesman, Baker and Godridge, 2009). ABC Learning The company has not formed any committee as defined in the listing rules of the Australian Stock Exchange. Secondly the auditor has not issued the qualified audit report. Liabilities And Its Link With Financial Stress Liabilities are the amount which the company is required to pay in due time and if not possible then in the event of liquidation of the company. These liabilities as outstanding in the financial statements of the company are the obligations for the company and which if not cleared in due time will become the financial stress for the companies. Covering all the three companies, there has been the huge liability due to which the company has gone into liquidation. The liabilities have been occurred due to the improper operation of the finance function, improper conduct of the auditing as the auditors have issued the clean audit report in all the three cases, improper execution and development of strategy. Thus, in this way the liabilities have the important role in bringing the liquidation of companies. Recommendation On the basis of the whole analysis, it is highly recommendable for every company to consider the collapses made as the lessons for future and shall take into account all the considerations and procedures that have come out of the report. Conclusion The three liquidations that have occurred have led the recession in the market across the globe and also hampered the working and operations of the companies either operating in the same industry or operating in the same country. The major liquidations that have been analyzed are the HIH Insurance, One Tel Phone Company and ABC Learning. The reasons for all the collapses are different but the basic premise of having the manipulated practices involved is the same. Each company has entered into the financial irregularities by making wrong entries in the books of accounts without considering the nature of the business of the company. In order to close the report, it is concluded that the collapses have been majorly done because of the financial irregularities and the improper attention of the management on the situations and the circumstances which has led to the collapses. References Avison, D. (2012): IT Failure and the Collapse of One.Tel in Traunmuller, R. (ed.): Information Systems: The e-Business Challenge, Kluwer, pp 31-46. Brown, L. and Caylor, M., 2009, Corporate Governance and Firm Operating Performance, Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 32, 2: 133-144. Cheng S and Seeger M, (2012), Lessons Learned from Organizational Crisis; Business Ethics and Corporate Communication, International Journal of Business Management, Vol. 7, No. 12, 74-86 Jiangbo X, (2003), HIH Insurance Limited: Corporate Governance and Corporate Excesses, available at https://www.seiofbluemountain.com/upload /product/201010/2010jjfzh05a8.pdf accessed on 08/10/2017. Lipton P, (2013), The Demise of HIH : Corporate Governance Lessons, EY Journal, 27th, 273-277. Mak, T., Deo, H. and Cooper, K. 2005, Australias Major Corporate Collapse: Health International Holdings (HIH) Insurance May the Force Be with You, Journal of American Academy of Business, 6, 2: 101-110. Mirshekary, S., Yaftian, A. and Cross, D. (2005), Australian Corporate Collapse: The Case of HIH Insurance, Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 9, 3: 249-58. Morey, M., Gottesman, A., Baker, E., Godridge, B., 2009, Does Better Corporate Governance Result in Higher Valuations in Emerging Markets? Another Examination Using a New Data Set, Journal of Banking and Finance, 33, 2: 254-71. OBrien, N. (2008), Williams walks free today but HIH victims continue to pay the penalty The Australian, p. 5. Reza M, (2011), The One Tel Collapse: Lessons for Corporate Governance, Journal of Australian Accounting Review, pp 1-28 UK Essays. (2013), Collapse Of HIH Insurance available at: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/business/collapse-of-hih-insurance.php?cref=1 Accessed 08/10/2017.

Race and My Community an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Race and My Community Most people pull their values and the way they see life from the community in which they live. They can move or stay in their community, but they will have their community burned into their souls. A community is like a family and it is the one place where people can feel at home. According to Robert Frost, Home is where when you have to go there they have to take you in (Frost) It is where they really want to be accepted. The spinal cord is the hub of the nervous system of a human and when it is severed ones life is drastically altered or even ended. A community plays the same role as a spinal cord for values and viewpoints for a person. When the community is severed from one of its citizens, it also drastically alters an individuals life. Race is an element that can bring a group of people together so that they can create a community. I see myself as a tree with the people of my community as the roots that keep me securely grounded and provide my emotional nourishment. That has been my experience with race and my community. Need essay sample on "Race and My Community" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Communities are neighborhoods of people that are close knit and have many things in common. They are small enough that the people who reside there are usually stereotyped in one way or another. Chinatown in New York has the stereotype of being the place where tourist go to get bargains and knock off goods, Harlem is considered a dangerous community where many African Americans and Hispanic people reside. Little Italy is known for the mafia. The Hamptons is a community where highly educated wealthy people reside and the citizens of that community are thought to have perfect lives. These are just a few examples of well known communities and their stereotypes. I have even had to deal with the stereotypes of my minority community. People create communities because they need a sense of belonging. Many times they are created because of isolation such as a small rural community and other times it is because it is a suburban subdivision. However, even in a large city, people will separate themselves into many smaller communities that come together as the whole city. A community is really like an extended family. When I look at the photographs of the many generations of family members that my grandmother proudly displays, she never fails to point out the similarities between them and me. When I look at the members of my community, I also see similarities. Race is like blood that binds relatives. Race binds communities. So why would people group together and form communities? One reason they do this is for self esteem. Race can actually play a significant role in uniting communities that are struggling against poverty, racism, and inadequate services (McDowell, 2004). Race has united my neighborhood because of a sense of identity. When people are around others who share many of the same characteristics, it creates a sense of belonging. There is power in numbers and therefore, a positive self esteem is created. It is only after an individual has a sense of self, that he/she can begin to accept others who are different. Once I learned about the characteristics and traditions of my race and culture, I could then look at others and understand that they also had characteristics and traditions. If I had been singled out as different without the knowledge of my race, I know that I would have felt as if my ways were wrong. I would have also bought into the stereotypes that others have about my race. I knew that I was not a lone individual, but a part of a group who was just like me. Therefore, I do not feel different no matter where I go. The community also is important because of its role in meeting the social needs of people, especially the needs for collective involvement and social definition of self. In fact, the "self," a most important social quality of the person, is grounded in contacts and involvements in everyday life, mainly in the local society. The quest for the community, for these reasons, is a central theme in human history, past and present. (Wilkinson) A community is also a place of pride. When a person is completely accepted and can identify with the members of a community, he/she will hold a special feeling for the community. When an individual feels connected, he/she will care about the image of his/her community. People will want it to look good physically as well as look good culturally to the rest of the city. They will feel the need to pull together and help each other in times of need and celebrate when times are good. I know that if I achieve in my academic career there is a whole community of people who are ready to rejoice with me. I will work as hard as I can to keep from letting my community down. I do this because they all had a hand in who I am, and if I fail, it means that they did not do their job well. That sense of pride that I feel I bring to my race and my community is enough to encourage me to always succeed in life. Many individuals in recent years feel that they have no place in the world. The internet has caused people to see the world as their community and as a way of meeting others instead of actually going outside of their building and connecting with those in their own community. They have also allowed the televisions in their homes to replace the visiting with people of their own race. The women of my race would visit on the stoops and watch out for each others children. There was a sense of camaraderie that is vital to adults as well as children. Racial identity is an organizing asset, a means of building a sense of power, and a critical part of multiracial work. Understanding one's own cultural strengths can be a point of departure for realizing that conditions of societal disparity are shared with others (McDowell). While there are positive points about racial communities, there are also negative points. One would be economic status of the citizens of a community and also the amount of tax dollars that are spent. Many communities that are not racially diverse, especially if they are minorities, lack the funds to enhance their neighborhoods. Many of the citizens do not own the property where they reside. Their landlords, who do not live in the neighborhood, do not feel that fixing the problems of their property is a priority. Therefore, the inhabitants loose their sense of pride and do not have the money to fix the problems themselves. Because of the lack of tax dollars, there is very little money to provide opportunities for the youth of the community. It then becomes a vicious cycle to constantly be poor. The youth also have very little resources to entertain themselves and that can lead to the involvement in criminal activity as a way to make money and to fill their time. They envision black k ids hanging out, blasting their car stereos, and presumably selling crack (Mountain, 1995) Even though the members of a community will share many characteristics, people still have to closely guard against stereotypes. Stereotypes can be dangerous and lead to negative situations. Many times law enforcement will buy into the negative stereotypes of a community just because it is predominately one race. In my community, law enforcement is often missing. It is that way because their salaries are not predominately paid by the people of minority communities and because they have been conditioned to the stereotypes. They envision black kids hanging out, blasting their car stereos, and presumably selling crack (Mountain, 1995). They fear for their own lives and they also believe that the community is that way because they want to live like that. There are gangs, guns, drive by shootings, and drugs in these communities, but it is mainly because law enforcement are only in the community when they are called to a crime scene. If there were there on a regular basis, these communities would not be a hotbed of crime. Many minority communities have been taken over by gangs in recent years. Many times this is also because of the lack of law enforcement in the racial community. As the crime rate rises, youth feel that they can achieve a sense of protection from becoming a gang member. By the time they realize what they have done, it is more dangerous for them to quit the gang. There are those who leave a gang, but most have not way out of the community, therefore, if they try to leave the gang, they cannot escape the members of the gang. Another problem with minority communities is that many people who get an education and are then equipped with knowledge and financial security, leave the minority community for the larger diverse neighborhood. When they leave the minority communities, they remove the positive role models that the younger people of the community desperately need. I was extremely fortunate that there were a few educated members of my community who decided to stay and be a constructive role model. They were always a source for encouragement and empowered the youth that there was a chance. If they could become successful, so could we. They were a tremendous resource of information on how to obtain scholarships and other resources that helped me and the other youth to obtain success in our lives. They were also a constant reminder that we could be proud of our community and the members it produced and it gave us hope that one day we would be among those names that others mentioned with pride. The last problem is that those who leave their communities because they feel they have risen above it, not only rob the community that made them who they are, but they rob their children of the benefits of the minority community. I have known childhood friends whose parents left my community after they became successful, and they did not have the security that comes with a network of people who are like them. They have become isolated in a see of faces that are not like their own. They do not understand themselves, so it is even more difficult to understand others. A community is much more that soil and buildings. It is people. A community gives roots and life to its members. I know that I would not be the person I am today without my community. While others may blame their communities for their failures, I proudly acknowledge my community and what it taught me about my race. I applaud my community for my success. Man cannot take the community out of the souls of the people. It is too deep to remove. References Frost, R. Death of the Hired Man The Literature Network. Retrieved on November 25, 2007 from http://www.online-literature.com/frost/752/. McDowell, C. (2004, November, 19). Report Cities Racial Identity as Positive Force in Community Building. MIT. Retrieved November 25, 2007 from http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2004/multiracial.html Mountain, N. (1995). Race and Community: On Portlands Northeast 14th Place. Alternatives. Retrieved on November 25, 2007 from http://www.alternativesmagazine.com/05/moutain1.html Wilkinson, K. The Small-Town Community: Its Character and Survival. Retrieved November, 25 2007 from http://www.nercrd.psu.edu/Community/Writing/KPW_smalltown_intro.html

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