Organizational Behavior Corporate Culture - 1048 Words

Corporate Culture The study of Organizational Behavior has included an in-depth look at corporate culture to gain an understanding of the diverse variables, namely people. OB, as defined in the text, is the study of individuals and groups in organizations (Schermerhorn, Hunt Osborn, 2005, p. 3). This field of study is considered interdisciplinary because its focus extends to several disciplines: sociology, psychology, anthropology, economics, and political science. Individual performance, organizational culture, motivation, hierarchy, change, and diversity are just a few elements that affect organizational success. Managing people within organizations is central to success. In examining corporate culture, many experts attribute its make-up to various factors. An organization provides the framework in which people can perform and achieve their goals. This framework is provided by the strategies, rules, and norms that an organization adopts. Sometimes these things are written and published by management. Other times an organization is driven by the informal norms and behaviors that are adopted by its employees. Whether they are constructed formally or informally, these parameters define how people behave in organizations. More precisely, they determine how happy and productive workers are in their jobs. Ultimately, employee satisfaction is determined by managements ability to convey the direction of the organization and to fulfill the needs of its employees. WhenShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Behavior ( Ob ) Studies The Influence That Individuals, Groups, And Organizational Structure1486 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational behavior (OB) studies the influence that individuals, groups, and organizational structure have on behavior within org anizations. More succinctly, it is the study of how people interact in organizations. 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Major Liquidiation Analysis for HIH Insurance and ABC Learning

Question: Discuss about theMajor Liquidiation Analysis for HIH Insurance and ABC Learning. Answer: Introduction The companies are required to operate in the best manner by effectively utilizing the assets of the company and by efficiently operating the functions of the company. The basic premise of the running the company is to earn profits on the one hand and cater to the needs of the various stakeholders including the shareholders of the company on the other hand. The company may work for two or three years more and can revive itself when first premise is not met but it cannot function properly when the second premise is not met in any manner. There has been the cases in which the second premise has not been fulfilled and thus leading the companies to go into the liquidation of the companies. These are HIH Insurance, ABC Learning and the One Tel Phone Company. Each of the company has its own listings of irregularities on the basis of which the companies have faced the worst liquidation. Along with the two basic premises, the companies shall have the effective corporate governance in place so as to ensure that in case any rectification action is required then the companys management will take that into consideration and will also take the steps to reduce any kind of risks if any come into the notice of the management of the company. The report has then ended up with the conclusion and the recommendation. Reasons For Liquidation HIH Insurance Four events have been identified which has led to the liquidation of the companies. The company has entered into the area which is connected with the high degree of risk. At first the event is associated with the acquisition of the big insurance company of that time which is Fire and All Risk Insurance (FARI). The company has incurred the huge liabilities because of this acquisition in spite of the fact that then partner Winterthur has resigned only because he has projected the downfall of the company with this acquisition. Then secondly the company has stepped its shoes into the business of financing the films which again has made the company to suffer the losses of approximately 100 million dollar. The both events are the beginning of the liquidation. (OBrien,2008). The third event is the entrance into the major risky areas which has distorted the whole picture of the financial status of the company and in actual the company has suffered a major loss. The area is the insurance against any natural disasters and after that the typhoon at Florida has occurred. The last event that the company has faced is the amendment in the regulations of the government. The company has been forced to pay the higher compensation claims to the workers at California. Next event is that gradually the company has entered into the insurance from the damage caused by natural disasters and the company has suffered the major loss from the Typhoon of Florida. (Mak, Deo and Cooper, 2005 and Mirshekary, Yaftian, and Cross, 2005). One Tel Company The major event that has led the company into liquidation is the company has not adopted the matching concept as per the accounting principles. The company shall match its revenue and expense and account for in the same period. But in the given case the company is reporting the revenue for the concerned period but has been booking the expenses in the near future years. Due to this the financial health of the company in actual has been distorted and in future has been forced to report the losses in big figures. The second event is that the company is in the move of paying the higher remuneration irrespective of the fact that the company has been incurring losses. The third event is that the company in order to become bigger and known in the market has been selling the services on the credit of six months due to which the income has been blocked whereas the company is required to pay its suppliers immediately (Reza, 2011). The next and the last cause is the unqualified audit report issued by the auditors of the company. ABC Learning In this case, the major cause for the liquidation of the company is the financial irregularities. The financial irregularity is the accounting practice that the company has followed for the licenses and the intangible assets. The company has been in the urge of revaluing the intangibles assets of the company due to which out of the total assets of the company 70% of the assets counts for the intangibles that has been created with the revaluation. The company has been making the wrong forecasts of future incomes and rather in actual the company has declared the decrease in the profits to forty three percent approximately. The other event is the low quality of service being provided to the children kept at their learning centre and the same have been notified by the New South Wales Child Care. Presence Of Ethical Climate HIH Insurance The ethical atmosphere shall be present in almost all the companies. In the given case two defaults have been noticed and observed in ethics. These are related to the business and statutory compliance (Cheng and Seeger, 2012). The former entails with the entrance of the companies in the major business risky areas which has led to the huge losses ran over the span of two years. The latter entails the event when the company has entered into the acquisition of the Fire and All Risk Insurance Company and that too without the prior approval of the board of directors and without conducting the technical and feasibility of the companys functions. (Lipton, 2013; UK Essays, 2013). One Tel Company One of the major ethical issues is the wrong practice of accounting rule and procedures in the sense that the company is not following the matching concept of the accounting principles. The company has followed the method where the higher revenue is reported in the current years and lesser in the future years (Brown and Caylor, 2009). Secondly the company has not been preparing the sale bills in accordance with the Goods and service tax act 2000 and has been remained unprepared for so many weeks and months. Thirdly the auditor has not mentioned any note or clarification in its auditors report (Avison, 2012). ABC Learning One of the basic ethical issues is that the company has revalued the intangibles to the higher values by wrongly estimating the future cash flows of the company. Due to revaluation the major portion in the total assets is the intangible assets. The other issue is that the company has not been made able to deliver the high quality services to children at their centre and rather has kept focus on the business expansion only. The best case noticed is that in the year of two thousand and five, one child have gone out of the centre at its own and none of the security guard has done something. Presence Of Corporate Governance Low corporate governance practices have been observed in the cases of all three companies and have been regarded as one of the major cause of the liquidation of the companies. HIH Insurance The chief executive officer of the company has played the dominant role by keeping the board of directors of the company filled with the relatives and the friends of the company. By having the board of its own in actual terms, he has engaged the company in transferring of funds to the company in which he has stake. Second instance is of the major acquisition of the company made without the prior approval of the board of directors (Jiangbo, 2003). One Tel Company The company has adopted the bad pricing strategy in relation to the products of the company and also has adopted the wrong accounting method. The strategy details that the goods are sold on credit for seven months. Wrong accounting method has made the company as highly liquid and profitable in current year and lower in future years (Morey, Gottesman, Baker and Godridge, 2009). ABC Learning The company has not formed any committee as defined in the listing rules of the Australian Stock Exchange. Secondly the auditor has not issued the qualified audit report. Liabilities And Its Link With Financial Stress Liabilities are the amount which the company is required to pay in due time and if not possible then in the event of liquidation of the company. These liabilities as outstanding in the financial statements of the company are the obligations for the company and which if not cleared in due time will become the financial stress for the companies. Covering all the three companies, there has been the huge liability due to which the company has gone into liquidation. The liabilities have been occurred due to the improper operation of the finance function, improper conduct of the auditing as the auditors have issued the clean audit report in all the three cases, improper execution and development of strategy. Thus, in this way the liabilities have the important role in bringing the liquidation of companies. Recommendation On the basis of the whole analysis, it is highly recommendable for every company to consider the collapses made as the lessons for future and shall take into account all the considerations and procedures that have come out of the report. Conclusion The three liquidations that have occurred have led the recession in the market across the globe and also hampered the working and operations of the companies either operating in the same industry or operating in the same country. The major liquidations that have been analyzed are the HIH Insurance, One Tel Phone Company and ABC Learning. The reasons for all the collapses are different but the basic premise of having the manipulated practices involved is the same. Each company has entered into the financial irregularities by making wrong entries in the books of accounts without considering the nature of the business of the company. In order to close the report, it is concluded that the collapses have been majorly done because of the financial irregularities and the improper attention of the management on the situations and the circumstances which has led to the collapses. References Avison, D. (2012): IT Failure and the Collapse of One.Tel in Traunmuller, R. (ed.): Information Systems: The e-Business Challenge, Kluwer, pp 31-46. Brown, L. and Caylor, M., 2009, Corporate Governance and Firm Operating Performance, Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 32, 2: 133-144. Cheng S and Seeger M, (2012), Lessons Learned from Organizational Crisis; Business Ethics and Corporate Communication, International Journal of Business Management, Vol. 7, No. 12, 74-86 Jiangbo X, (2003), HIH Insurance Limited: Corporate Governance and Corporate Excesses, available at https://www.seiofbluemountain.com/upload /product/201010/2010jjfzh05a8.pdf accessed on 08/10/2017. Lipton P, (2013), The Demise of HIH : Corporate Governance Lessons, EY Journal, 27th, 273-277. Mak, T., Deo, H. and Cooper, K. 2005, Australias Major Corporate Collapse: Health International Holdings (HIH) Insurance May the Force Be with You, Journal of American Academy of Business, 6, 2: 101-110. Mirshekary, S., Yaftian, A. and Cross, D. (2005), Australian Corporate Collapse: The Case of HIH Insurance, Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 9, 3: 249-58. Morey, M., Gottesman, A., Baker, E., Godridge, B., 2009, Does Better Corporate Governance Result in Higher Valuations in Emerging Markets? Another Examination Using a New Data Set, Journal of Banking and Finance, 33, 2: 254-71. OBrien, N. (2008), Williams walks free today but HIH victims continue to pay the penalty The Australian, p. 5. Reza M, (2011), The One Tel Collapse: Lessons for Corporate Governance, Journal of Australian Accounting Review, pp 1-28 UK Essays. (2013), Collapse Of HIH Insurance available at: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/business/collapse-of-hih-insurance.php?cref=1 Accessed 08/10/2017.

Race and My Community an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Race and My Community Most people pull their values and the way they see life from the community in which they live. They can move or stay in their community, but they will have their community burned into their souls. A community is like a family and it is the one place where people can feel at home. According to Robert Frost, Home is where when you have to go there they have to take you in (Frost) It is where they really want to be accepted. The spinal cord is the hub of the nervous system of a human and when it is severed ones life is drastically altered or even ended. A community plays the same role as a spinal cord for values and viewpoints for a person. When the community is severed from one of its citizens, it also drastically alters an individuals life. Race is an element that can bring a group of people together so that they can create a community. I see myself as a tree with the people of my community as the roots that keep me securely grounded and provide my emotional nourishment. That has been my experience with race and my community. Need essay sample on "Race and My Community" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Communities are neighborhoods of people that are close knit and have many things in common. They are small enough that the people who reside there are usually stereotyped in one way or another. Chinatown in New York has the stereotype of being the place where tourist go to get bargains and knock off goods, Harlem is considered a dangerous community where many African Americans and Hispanic people reside. Little Italy is known for the mafia. The Hamptons is a community where highly educated wealthy people reside and the citizens of that community are thought to have perfect lives. These are just a few examples of well known communities and their stereotypes. I have even had to deal with the stereotypes of my minority community. People create communities because they need a sense of belonging. Many times they are created because of isolation such as a small rural community and other times it is because it is a suburban subdivision. However, even in a large city, people will separate themselves into many smaller communities that come together as the whole city. A community is really like an extended family. When I look at the photographs of the many generations of family members that my grandmother proudly displays, she never fails to point out the similarities between them and me. When I look at the members of my community, I also see similarities. Race is like blood that binds relatives. Race binds communities. So why would people group together and form communities? One reason they do this is for self esteem. Race can actually play a significant role in uniting communities that are struggling against poverty, racism, and inadequate services (McDowell, 2004). Race has united my neighborhood because of a sense of identity. When people are around others who share many of the same characteristics, it creates a sense of belonging. There is power in numbers and therefore, a positive self esteem is created. It is only after an individual has a sense of self, that he/she can begin to accept others who are different. Once I learned about the characteristics and traditions of my race and culture, I could then look at others and understand that they also had characteristics and traditions. If I had been singled out as different without the knowledge of my race, I know that I would have felt as if my ways were wrong. I would have also bought into the stereotypes that others have about my race. I knew that I was not a lone individual, but a part of a group who was just like me. Therefore, I do not feel different no matter where I go. The community also is important because of its role in meeting the social needs of people, especially the needs for collective involvement and social definition of self. In fact, the "self," a most important social quality of the person, is grounded in contacts and involvements in everyday life, mainly in the local society. The quest for the community, for these reasons, is a central theme in human history, past and present. (Wilkinson) A community is also a place of pride. When a person is completely accepted and can identify with the members of a community, he/she will hold a special feeling for the community. When an individual feels connected, he/she will care about the image of his/her community. People will want it to look good physically as well as look good culturally to the rest of the city. They will feel the need to pull together and help each other in times of need and celebrate when times are good. I know that if I achieve in my academic career there is a whole community of people who are ready to rejoice with me. I will work as hard as I can to keep from letting my community down. I do this because they all had a hand in who I am, and if I fail, it means that they did not do their job well. That sense of pride that I feel I bring to my race and my community is enough to encourage me to always succeed in life. Many individuals in recent years feel that they have no place in the world. The internet has caused people to see the world as their community and as a way of meeting others instead of actually going outside of their building and connecting with those in their own community. They have also allowed the televisions in their homes to replace the visiting with people of their own race. The women of my race would visit on the stoops and watch out for each others children. There was a sense of camaraderie that is vital to adults as well as children. Racial identity is an organizing asset, a means of building a sense of power, and a critical part of multiracial work. Understanding one's own cultural strengths can be a point of departure for realizing that conditions of societal disparity are shared with others (McDowell). While there are positive points about racial communities, there are also negative points. One would be economic status of the citizens of a community and also the amount of tax dollars that are spent. Many communities that are not racially diverse, especially if they are minorities, lack the funds to enhance their neighborhoods. Many of the citizens do not own the property where they reside. Their landlords, who do not live in the neighborhood, do not feel that fixing the problems of their property is a priority. Therefore, the inhabitants loose their sense of pride and do not have the money to fix the problems themselves. Because of the lack of tax dollars, there is very little money to provide opportunities for the youth of the community. It then becomes a vicious cycle to constantly be poor. The youth also have very little resources to entertain themselves and that can lead to the involvement in criminal activity as a way to make money and to fill their time. They envision black k ids hanging out, blasting their car stereos, and presumably selling crack (Mountain, 1995) Even though the members of a community will share many characteristics, people still have to closely guard against stereotypes. Stereotypes can be dangerous and lead to negative situations. Many times law enforcement will buy into the negative stereotypes of a community just because it is predominately one race. In my community, law enforcement is often missing. It is that way because their salaries are not predominately paid by the people of minority communities and because they have been conditioned to the stereotypes. They envision black kids hanging out, blasting their car stereos, and presumably selling crack (Mountain, 1995). They fear for their own lives and they also believe that the community is that way because they want to live like that. There are gangs, guns, drive by shootings, and drugs in these communities, but it is mainly because law enforcement are only in the community when they are called to a crime scene. If there were there on a regular basis, these communities would not be a hotbed of crime. Many minority communities have been taken over by gangs in recent years. Many times this is also because of the lack of law enforcement in the racial community. As the crime rate rises, youth feel that they can achieve a sense of protection from becoming a gang member. By the time they realize what they have done, it is more dangerous for them to quit the gang. There are those who leave a gang, but most have not way out of the community, therefore, if they try to leave the gang, they cannot escape the members of the gang. Another problem with minority communities is that many people who get an education and are then equipped with knowledge and financial security, leave the minority community for the larger diverse neighborhood. When they leave the minority communities, they remove the positive role models that the younger people of the community desperately need. I was extremely fortunate that there were a few educated members of my community who decided to stay and be a constructive role model. They were always a source for encouragement and empowered the youth that there was a chance. If they could become successful, so could we. They were a tremendous resource of information on how to obtain scholarships and other resources that helped me and the other youth to obtain success in our lives. They were also a constant reminder that we could be proud of our community and the members it produced and it gave us hope that one day we would be among those names that others mentioned with pride. The last problem is that those who leave their communities because they feel they have risen above it, not only rob the community that made them who they are, but they rob their children of the benefits of the minority community. I have known childhood friends whose parents left my community after they became successful, and they did not have the security that comes with a network of people who are like them. They have become isolated in a see of faces that are not like their own. They do not understand themselves, so it is even more difficult to understand others. A community is much more that soil and buildings. It is people. A community gives roots and life to its members. I know that I would not be the person I am today without my community. While others may blame their communities for their failures, I proudly acknowledge my community and what it taught me about my race. I applaud my community for my success. Man cannot take the community out of the souls of the people. It is too deep to remove. References Frost, R. Death of the Hired Man The Literature Network. Retrieved on November 25, 2007 from http://www.online-literature.com/frost/752/. McDowell, C. (2004, November, 19). Report Cities Racial Identity as Positive Force in Community Building. MIT. Retrieved November 25, 2007 from http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2004/multiracial.html Mountain, N. (1995). Race and Community: On Portlands Northeast 14th Place. Alternatives. Retrieved on November 25, 2007 from http://www.alternativesmagazine.com/05/moutain1.html Wilkinson, K. The Small-Town Community: Its Character and Survival. Retrieved November, 25 2007 from http://www.nercrd.psu.edu/Community/Writing/KPW_smalltown_intro.html

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The Hunt For Red October Essay Example for Free

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